Abstract The study of genre through different perspectives has contributed to a better understanding of how writing performs a major role in the enculturation process students must undergo when entering the university context. Considering that written genres instantiate the specific practices of disciplines, their different ways of doing and knowing (Carter, 2007), this study aims, by means of a qualitative approach, at exploring the way literacy in academic writing is addressed, according to the discourse of teachers and students of five different disciplinary communities at a Chilean university, based on the approach to their particular genres. The results reveal that, in the communities addressed, literacy in academic writing is conceived under two distinctive orientations: a formative and a prescriptive one, each of them associated to genres displaying expert and instructional characteristics, respectively.

Research on academic writing, or rather, writing in the disciplines, today raises a number of questions. One is the relationship between object of study, method and writing in a particular discipline. In this context, the purpose of this study is to elucidate the link between object of study, method and discourses realized in the genres. To this end, teachers and students’ conceptions about academic writing were investigated in Biochemistry, Mathematics, History, and Arts undergraduate programs at a university belonging to the Honorable Council of University Directors of Chile. Drawing on Grounded Theory, we set out to identify, from data, the social representations of the subjects participating in the research. The results show that in Biochemistry, the object of study is a scientific fact that is subjected to the experimental method, expressed in a report or research paper. In Mathematics, the focus is on a formal axiomatic system for which, in this case, the Bourbaki’s method is applied, resulting in a paper with its own code. In History, the object of study is determined by temporality and mainly by the historical method that is materialized in an essay. Finally, in Arts, the difficulty lies in finding a common object of study, given the nature of the sub-disciplines that comprise it, the involvement of the individual writer and the interpretive practices of the visual culture that generate different discourse genres.

La investigación en escritura académica o, más bien, la escritura en las disciplinas plantea hoy en día una serie de interrogantes. Una de ellas es la relación entre objeto de estudio, método y escritura en una disciplina en particular. En este contexto, el objetivo orienta este trabajo es dilucidar el nexo entre objeto de estudio, método y discursos, plasmados en los géneros. Para ello, se indaga en las concepciones que tienen de la escritura académica profesores y estudiantes de los programas de licenciatura en Bioquímica, Matemática, Historia y Arte en una universidad del Honorable Consejo de Rectores de Chile. La metodología utilizada es de carácter cualitativo en la línea de la Teoría Empíricamente Fundada (TEF), que busca, a partir de los datos, relevar las representaciones sociales de los sujetos que participan en la investigación. Los resultados muestran que en Bioquímica, el objeto de estudio es un hecho científico que se somete al método experimental, expresado en un informe o artículo de investigación. En Matemática, el foco está en un sistema formal axiomático para lo cual se aplica, en este caso, el método bourbakiano, lo que deriva en un escrito con un código propio. En Historia, el objeto de estudio está determinado por la temporalidad y el método historiográfico que se materializa principalmente en un ensayo. Finalmente, en Arte, la dificultad estriba en la búsqueda de un objeto de estudio común por la naturaleza de las subdisciplinas que lo componen, la involucración del sujeto escritor y las prácticas interpretativas de la cultura visual que generan diversos géneros discursivos.

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la ganancia diaria de peso desde el nacimiento hasta el destete a los cuatro meses de edad de terneros de la cruza Bos taurus con Bos indicus, manejados en pastoreo convencional, para lo cual se utilizaron los registros de 302 terneros. Las razas Bos taurus utilizadas para las cruzas fueron Belgian blue, Charolais, Limousine y Beef master; las Bos indicus, fueron Brahman, Nelore, Indobrasil y Simbrah. Los resultados se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva de tendencia central, donde para los pesos al nacimiento presentaron un promedio de 50.8 Kg., con una variación de 20 a 77 Kg. El peso al destete mostró un promedio de 175 Kg., con una variación de 132 a 256 Kg., observándose mejores pesos para las cruzas de Belgian blue con Brahman y Charolais con Simbrah, respectivamente. La ganancia diaria de peso mostró un promedio de 1.15 Kg., con variación de 0.820 a 1.85 Kg. En conclusión, la cruza de Bos tarurus con Bos indicus, puede ser una alternativa para la producción de bovinos para carne en trópico húmedo.

The aim of this work was to value the daily gain and the weight of the weaned of calves of Bos taurus it crosses it with Bos indicus in a proportion from ¼ to ¾ approximately, the registrations of 302 calves were used, which were managed under conditions of conventional care husbandry. The races Bos taurus used for cross them were Belgian blue, Charolais, Limousine and Beef master; the Bos indicus, was Brahman, Nelore, Indobrasil and Simbrah. The studied variables were, weight to the birth (WB), weigh to weaning (WW), which was carried out to the four months of age and the daily gain of weight (DGW). The results were analyzed by means of descriptive statistic of central tendency where for the pesos to the birth presented an average of 50.8 Kg, with variation of 20 to 77 Kg. The weight to the weaning showed an average of 175 Kg, with variation of 132 to 256 Kg with better results when crossed with of Belgian blue with Brahman and Charolais with Simbrah, respectively. The daily gain of weight showed an average of 1.15 Kg, with variation of 0.820 to 1.85 Kg. In conclusion, one can say that it crosses it of Bos tarurus with Bos indicus, it can be an alternative for the production of bovine for meat in humid tropic.